Dunia D2: Resepi

Binaan berbilang peringkat

Anda akan belajar: masak di satu peringkat dan bungkus hidangan yang siap sahaja.

Teks BM belum disemak oleh penutur asli.

Disemak dengan Docker Engine 29 pada 31 Okt 2026

Masalahnya

Laman Kedai Kancil anda dibina dengan Node. Image satu peringkat anda 244MB, untuk satu laman HTML! Apa yang ambil ruang itu?

Tengok

~/kedai $ cat DockerfileFROM node:24-alpine AS buildWORKDIR /srcCOPY package.json package-lock.json ./RUN npm ciCOPY index.html .RUN npm run buildFROM nginx:1.30-alpineCOPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/~/kedai $ docker build -t kedai:1.0 .[+] Building 2.5s (14/14) FINISHED                                docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                        0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B                                        0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine           0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine        0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 58B                                            0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4  0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6  0.0s => [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src                                                0.0s => [internal] load build context                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 649B                                           0.0s => [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./                      0.0s => [build 4/6] RUN npm ci                                                  1.2s => [build 5/6] COPY index.html .                                           0.0s => [build 6/6] RUN npm run build                                           1.2s => [stage-1 1/2] FROM docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd05  0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd054126cdc0  0.0s => [stage-1 2/2] COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/       0.0s => exporting to image                                                      0.1s => => exporting layers                                                     0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:3b7b615514d04c88d3e2c28410193368d61225c5d  0.0s => => exporting config sha256:ef2a3699bc2a7565ae894c58b5cf8671e027dc3c02b  0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:ff1f01a5f3560a8e72609ca69ecba  0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:662fb001df1cbe95c693093857d746ef5b21  0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0                                0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0                             0.0s

Resepi ada dua baris FROM. Langkah bertanda build jalan dalam node:24-alpine. Peringkat akhir mula dari nginx dan salin /src/dist dari peringkat build. Transkrip Docker: $ cat Dockerfile FROM node:24-alpine AS build WORKDIR /src COPY package.json package-lock.json ./ RUN npm ci COPY index.html . RUN npm run build FROM nginx:1.30-alpine COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/ $ docker build -t kedai:1.0 . [+] Building 2.5s (14/14) FINISHED docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine 0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s => => transferring context: 58B 0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4 0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6 0.0s => [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src 0.0s => [internal] load build context 0.0s => => transferring context: 649B 0.0s => [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./ 0.0s => [build 4/6] RUN npm ci 1.2s => [build 5/6] COPY index.html . 0.0s => [build 6/6] RUN npm run build 1.2s => [stage-1 1/2] FROM docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd05 0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd054126cdc0 0.0s => [stage-1 2/2] COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/ 0.0s => exporting to image 0.1s => => exporting layers 0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:3b7b615514d04c88d3e2c28410193368d61225c5d 0.0s => => exporting config sha256:ef2a3699bc2a7565ae894c58b5cf8671e027dc3c02b 0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:ff1f01a5f3560a8e72609ca69ecba 0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:662fb001df1cbe95c693093857d746ef5b21 0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0 0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0 0.0s

Laptop anda`~/kedai`

Tiada tingkap terbuka

Bekas (container)

Belum ada container

Pek beku (image)

nginx:1.30-alpine8 layer · 93.5MB
node:24-alpine4 layer · 244MB

ada dua dapur. Peringkat build memasak dengan Node. Peringkat akhir mula baru dari nginx. COPY --from=build bawa hidangan sahaja: dist/.

Cuba

Susun resepi dua peringkat ini.

Baris pertama di atas. Susun ikut turutan. Guna anak panah, atau seret.

FROM node:24-alpine AS build
COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/
FROM nginx:1.30-alpine
RUN npm run build
RUN npm ci

Cuba

Bina peringkat memasak sahaja sebagai kedai:build. Kemudian bina resepi penuh sebagai kedai:1.0. Bandingkan saiznya.

Laptop anda`~/kedai`

Tiada tingkap terbuka

Bekas (container)

Belum ada container

Pek beku (image)

nginx:1.30-alpine8 layer · 93.5MB
node:24-alpine4 layer · 244MB

Petunjuk

--target build berhenti selepas peringkat bernama build.

Teka

Adakah npm di dalam kedai:1.0?

Semak

~/kedai $ docker build -t kedai:1.0 .[+] Building 2.5s (14/14) FINISHED                                docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                        0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B                                        0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine           0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine        0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 58B                                            0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4  0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6  0.0s => [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src                                                0.0s => [internal] load build context                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 649B                                           0.0s => [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./                      0.0s => [build 4/6] RUN npm ci                                                  1.2s => [build 5/6] COPY index.html .                                           0.0s => [build 6/6] RUN npm run build                                           1.2s => [stage-1 1/2] FROM docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd05  0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd054126cdc0  0.0s => [stage-1 2/2] COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/       0.0s => exporting to image                                                      0.1s => => exporting layers                                                     0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:b6170ae2cca287d1cfd093d147dcd0cbd726d4935  0.0s => => exporting config sha256:93f86126b8a273dc01166858398633f1510777c52c6  0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:b7fdc79b423faa069eb80d989f764  0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:02f32a2a17b285d903ae428e07cb0471f91d  0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0                                0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0                             0.0s~/kedai $ docker run --rm kedai:1.0 which npm~/kedai $ docker build --target build -t kedai:build .[+] Building 0.1s (11/11) FINISHED                                docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                        0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B                                        0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine           0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 58B                                            0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4  0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6  0.0s => CACHED [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src                                         0.0s => [internal] load build context                                           0.0s => => transferring context: 649B                                           0.0s => CACHED [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./               0.0s => CACHED [build 4/6] RUN npm ci                                           0.0s => CACHED [build 5/6] COPY index.html .                                    0.0s => CACHED [build 6/6] RUN npm run build                                    0.0s => exporting to image                                                      0.1s => => exporting layers                                                     0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:e61898031a5a7fb12428235d8f997b84668086645  0.0s => => exporting config sha256:57b36c9339cf71550e7b7f91a35c06f3ec538999b20  0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:237b6d641f10b568a71505d1cf518  0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:f1106e278ff1080160aed1a1670a7ba40809  0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:build                              0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:build                           0.0s~/kedai $ docker run --rm kedai:build which npm/usr/local/bin/npm

which npm tak cetak apa-apa dalam kedai:1.0 dan keluar dengan kod 1. Dalam kedai:build ia cetak /usr/local/bin/npm. Transkrip Docker: $ docker build -t kedai:1.0 . [+] Building 2.5s (14/14) FINISHED docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine 0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s => => transferring context: 58B 0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4 0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6 0.0s => [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src 0.0s => [internal] load build context 0.0s => => transferring context: 649B 0.0s => [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./ 0.0s => [build 4/6] RUN npm ci 1.2s => [build 5/6] COPY index.html . 0.0s => [build 6/6] RUN npm run build 1.2s => [stage-1 1/2] FROM docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd05 0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/nginx:1.30-alpine@sha256:0e52bd054126cdc0 0.0s => [stage-1 2/2] COPY --from=build /src/dist/ /usr/share/nginx/html/ 0.0s => exporting to image 0.1s => => exporting layers 0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:b6170ae2cca287d1cfd093d147dcd0cbd726d4935 0.0s => => exporting config sha256:93f86126b8a273dc01166858398633f1510777c52c6 0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:b7fdc79b423faa069eb80d989f764 0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:02f32a2a17b285d903ae428e07cb0471f91d 0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0 0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:1.0 0.0s $ docker run --rm kedai:1.0 which npm $ docker build --target build -t kedai:build . [+] Building 0.1s (11/11) FINISHED docker:default => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s => => transferring dockerfile: 241B 0.0s => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:24-alpine 0.0s => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s => => transferring context: 58B 0.0s => [build 1/6] FROM docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a4 0.0s => => resolve docker.io/library/node:24-alpine@sha256:8a32c8cf649a49915a6 0.0s => CACHED [build 2/6] WORKDIR /src 0.0s => [internal] load build context 0.0s => => transferring context: 649B 0.0s => CACHED [build 3/6] COPY package.json package-lock.json ./ 0.0s => CACHED [build 4/6] RUN npm ci 0.0s => CACHED [build 5/6] COPY index.html . 0.0s => CACHED [build 6/6] RUN npm run build 0.0s => exporting to image 0.1s => => exporting layers 0.0s => => exporting manifest sha256:e61898031a5a7fb12428235d8f997b84668086645 0.0s => => exporting config sha256:57b36c9339cf71550e7b7f91a35c06f3ec538999b20 0.0s => => exporting attestation manifest sha256:237b6d641f10b568a71505d1cf518 0.0s => => exporting manifest list sha256:f1106e278ff1080160aed1a1670a7ba40809 0.0s => => naming to docker.io/library/kedai:build 0.0s => => unpacking to docker.io/library/kedai:build 0.0s $ docker run --rm kedai:build which npm /usr/local/bin/npm

Laptop anda`~/kedai`

Tiada tingkap terbuka

Bekas (container)

Belum ada container

Pek beku (image)

nginx:1.30-alpine8 layer · 93.5MB
node:24-alpine4 layer · 244MB

which npm tak jumpa apa-apa dalam kedai:1.0. Di peringkat build, npm ada. Pelanggan tak pernah nampak dapur.

Anda berjaya!

Kini anda boleh masak di satu peringkat dan hantar hidangan sahaja.

Nak tahu lebih (pilihan)

Peringkat tanpa nama dipanggil ikut nombor: COPY --from=0. Nama lebih jelas. COPY --from juga boleh salin dari mana-mana image, contohnya --from=nginx:1.30-alpine. Kurang alat dalam image akhir juga bermaksud kurang lubang keselamatan.

Misi sebenar

Ambil projek yang ada langkah build. Tambah peringkat bernama build.
Mula peringkat kedua dari nginx dan COPY --from=build folder hasilnya.
Bina kedua-dua peringkat dan bandingkan saiz.
docker images

0 daripada 3 langkah siap · Tanda anda disimpan.

Binaan berbilang peringkat

Laptop anda~/kedai

Bekas (container)

Pek beku (image)

Laptop anda~/kedai

Bekas (container)

Pek beku (image)

Laptop anda~/kedai

Bekas (container)

Pek beku (image)

Laptop anda`~/kedai`

Laptop anda`~/kedai`

Laptop anda`~/kedai`