git cat-file (-t
git cat-file (-t | -s | -p) <object>
Risk: Safe
What it does
Shows one object from inside Git: a commit, tree, blob or tag.
When to use it
To see what a commit really stores.
Example
$ git cat-file -p HEADPrint the newest commit: its tree, parent, author and message.
$ git cat-file -t HEAD^{tree}Print the type of an object. Here it says tree.
$ git cat-file -s HEADPrint the size of an object in bytes.
Learn it in: Objects and hashes · Official docs